Plastic raw material properties pdf

Kim 5 automotive plastics and composites use exterior doors hoods fenders bumper covers most cars have soft fascia interior instrument panels, door trim, seats, consoles engine valve covers, intake manifolds, fluid containers, etc. Most raw plastic materials are quality inspected in resin or fiber form. Thermoplastics have the simplest molecular structure, with chemically independent macromolecules by heating, they are softened or melted, then shaped, formed, welded, and solidified when cooled. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. The density of a plastic sample may change due to change in crystallinity. Typical reactions for chain assembling are polyaddition continuous or step wise and condensation polymer ization polycondensation 1 figure 1. Plastic bottles are made of polymers, which are chemically bonded to create materials such as polyethylene and polystyrene. Characterization of plastics in failure analysis 439 fig. The simplest definition of a polymer is a useful chemical made of many repeating units.

Plastic raw material properties datasheet, plastic. Pom is commonly extruded as continuous lengths of round or rectangular section. Buckets, automobile parts, crates, tanks, pipes, bottles, carry bags, ropes, profiles etc. Each plastic is designed with specific characteristics that make it ideal for the application to which it is intended, providing us with very resourceefficient solutions. Plastics are a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects plasticity is the general property of all materials which can deform irreversibly without breaking but, in the class of moldable polymers, this occurs to such a degree that their actual name derives from this specific ability.

There are special grades that offer higher mechanical toughness, stiffness or lowfrictionwear properties. Although they are made commercially available in a variety of colors perhaps translucent and perhaps not, the raw material allows for the internal transmission of light nearly in the same capacity as glass. Uptodate material data sheets are also available on our website. The aim of this article is to give an overview about the plastic materials. Injection molding is the most commonly used manufacturing process for the fabrication of plastic parts. The term plastics includes materials composed of various elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and sulfur. Database includes comprehensive coverage of thermoplastic and thermoset polymers, aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, magnesium, nickel, steel, superalloys, titanium and zinc alloys, ceramics, plus a growing list of semiconductors, fibers, and other engineering. Solid, plywood, veneer, hardboard, particle board, composite wood, etc.

Materials data book 2003 edition cambridge university engineering department. Easy descriptions of typical, physical, thermal, optical, electrical properties. The first step in making plastics is the polymerization of the raw materials, resulting in a. Several unfamiliar aspects of material behavior of plastic need to be. Material selection process for hair dryer components hasret ercisli. Plastics technology handbook plastics properties and testing. The transparent materials offered to the market by ultrapolymers are the result of decades of continuous research and development in product technology as polymer manufacturers strive to create new and exciting applications for transparent plastics. Abs, short for acylonitrile butadiene styrene, is an oilbased plastic type. Plastic materials can be produced from different sources. Abs material data sheet physical properties metric english comments density 1. Technical properties density measures the mass per unit volume. The principal raw material for all ferrous metals is pig iron which is obtained by smelting iron ore with coke and limestone, in the blast furnace.

To ensure that tpu materials can offer the very best compression resistance, heat treatments like annealing can be helpful. The properties which are critical for the material selection of the fan can be. Pdf technical properties of regenerated plastic material bars. By this method, plastic raw materials are converted into finished products by simply compressing them into the desired shapes. Items made from this plastic include containers for milk, motor oil, shampoos and conditioners, soap bottles, detergents, and bleaches. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical. Pet is a clear, strong, and lightweight plastic that is widely used for packaging foods and beverages, especially conveniencesized soft drinks, juices and water. All plastics are polymers but not all polymers are plastics. The knowledge of materials and their properties is of.

An introduction to pet polyethylene terephthalatepet also abbreviated pete is short for polyethylene terephthalate, the chemical name for polyester. Such a material iselastic accordingtothedescription ofelasticity given earlier immediate response,fullrecovery, andit is also linear in its relation between stress and strain or equivalently, force and deformation. Therefore a hookean material is linear elastic, and materials engineers use these descriptors interchangeably. The society of the plastics industry spi established a classification system in 1988 to allow consumers and recyclers to identify different types of plastic.

It caused a lot of interest as a plastic material that could be used to make high quality. They are readily produced from raw materials, which are available in virtually unlimited. The injection molding process requires the use of an injection molding machine, raw plastic material, and a mold. Fourier transform infrared spectral comparison showing distinct differences between the results obtained on various plastic materials. A free online materials information resource with properties data on over 28,000 materials. Furniture materials and characteristics material characteristics woods. Plastics are organic materials that contain such elements as carbon c, hydrogen h, nitrogen n chlorine cl and sulfur s. Modern culture is also influenced by the availability of new materials. An overview of the plastic material selection process for. If youre after basic information on plastic materials, this is the place to find it.

It now processes ts plastics as well as other plastics such as thermoplastics tp, elastomers ts and tp, and natural rubbers ts. The material is widely used in the automotive and consumer electronics industry. Manufacturing properties of engineering materials lecture notes prof. It is calculated by dividing the mass of the material by the volume and is normally expressed in gcm 3. While raw plastic typically undergoes a series of tests to screen for forming viability, postproduction quality inspection usually relies on methods that rate a product according to its closeness to an intended design. Glass fibers asm international the materials information. Compression molding is an old and common method of molding thermoset ts.

Here youll learn the definition and properties of polymers, another name for plastics. Abs is perfect for enduse components and functional parts such as those found in 3d printers of 3d printing service. Properties combined with excellent appearance, including the possibility of self coloring. Explorers established trade routes to redistribute raw materials and finished products. Pdf the increased use of plastic material in many different agricultural applications causes. Plastics typically have high molecular weight, meaning each molecule can have thousands of atoms bound together. In the 1960s plastics were used to make colorful toys and housewares at such a low cost that they were frequently disposed of and replaced with the latest style. But there are still concerns over the desired mechanical properties, biodegradability, sterilizability and radiopacity of the materials used that need to be looked at in detail. Cellulose, for example, is a polymer, but it cannot be processed like a plastic material unless it is modified. Material selection process for hair dryer components. View plastic materials found under a specific property group. This may force the industry to go for plastic materials by which the cost can be reduced to an extent. Highdensity polyethylene products are very safe and are not known to transmit any chemicals into foods or drinks. They are made from raw materials such as oil, natural gas and coal.

Plastics that consist of linear threadlike molecules. Physical and mechanical properties of materials melting temperature 9 density 10 youngs modulus 11 yield stress and tensile strength 12. These sections can be cut to length and sold as bar or sheet stock for machining. A typical ftir spectrum illustrating the correlation between structure and absorption bands. A malleable material should be plastic but it is not essential to be so strong. Astms plastics standards are instrumental in specifying, testing, and assessing the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of a wide variety of materials and products that are made of plastic and its polymeric derivatives. The highest value of shear stress a material can withstand before plastic deformation occurs. Dislocations and plastic flow 5 fast fracture 6 statistics of fracture 6. Although the information and statements herein are believed to be accurate, no guarantee of their accuracy is made. Vexmatech utilizes abs in the manufacture of numerous components due to its easytouse and resistance to high temperatures.

The maximum permissible deviations from the nominal dimensions are listed in din 16742 tg6. Caused by the macromolecular structure and the temperaturedependent physical properties plastic materials are distinguished into different classes. The different raw materials of plastic bottles include polyethylene terephthalate and highdensity polyethylene. Glass fibers are among the most versatile industrial materials known today.

New uses of a versatile raw material by mario pagliaro and michele rossi. Thermoplastics have the simplest molecular structure, with chemically independent macromolecules by heating, they are. Plastic material properties table mechanical, physical, thermal. Polycarbonate pc plastics are a naturally transparent amorphous thermoplastic. These physical interactions are responsible for cohesion and related properties such as strength, hardness, and so ening behavior. During compounding, plastic raw materials are melted with fillers. Plywood is strong and resists splitting and warping. Abs material data sheet physical properties metric english.

Abrasion the abrasion resistance of plastic materials like tpu is measured by applying coarse paper to a substrate under pressure via a rotating cylinder. Chapter 12 mechanical properties of woodbased composite materials astm d 7031 for wood plastic composites, and astm d 7341 for glulam products. Polymer macromolecules constructed by the repetition of primary monomer units in such a way that the properties of the material do. Click the down or up arrows triangles or column headings to sort plastic materials or material properties. Plastic processing technique plastic processing can be defined as the process of converting the plastics raw material into semifinished products. A wide variety of products are manufactured using injection molding, which vary greatly in their size, complexity, and application. Compression molding an overview sciencedirect topics.