Ac77 ac torque motor features mechanically compatible with the d77 motor, the a77 fits in same pedestal position in the locomotive truck bogie. This was the same way that steam locomotives would turn their drive wheels. With a dc series motor, the current and torque produced at standstill may be reduced by strengthening the. A traction motor is operated at frequency f 0,slip s 0 and delivering torque. In return, the energy from the wheels turns the motor, which functions as a generator, converting energy normally wasted during coasting and braking into electricity, which is stored in a battery until needed by the electric motor.
The objective of this research is to design a traction control system to enhance the traction of an electric rearwheel driven formula student vehicle with one central motor as in figure 1. Highly efficient bldc motor integrated with traction drive. With the advantages of high efficiency and high torque density, permanent magnet synchronous motor drive systems are widely adopted in many. Multiple drive systems per vehicle can be supported due to the safety case and levels of torque integrity employed.
Small disturbances occur when train crosses the section insulators and cross over. Traction motor for lowfloor vehicles integrated traction motor design for low floor vehicles traction motor application principles 5 especially for multiple units and mass transit vehicles, traction motors are used that are connected to the gearbox via a cardan shaft. A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives. Transverse movement is limited by the flanges of axle suspension bearing. May 12, 20 limits are set on the torque speed characteristics of series motor as t max and s max as per the design parameter.
General requirement of traction motor drives request pdf. The project was initiated in 2007, not only to create a traction motor with universal appeal to train builders, but also to enable effective engineering, supply and production processes, and to maintain abbs lead as an independent supplier of traction motors. As is normal in the sector, this is indicated not in hours but in kilometres travelled. Only series and compound dc motors are suitable for traction work. Small disturbance in supply traction motor should handle small disturbance in supply. Railway traction motors are serieswound brushed dc motors that operate on nearly 600 volts. Benchmarking stateoftheart technologies tim burress oak ridge national laboratory.
That dedication shows in customer preference for baldorreliance motors. The drive which uses the electric power for moving forward, such type of drive is called an electric traction drive. Introduction this application note describes the design of a 3phase ac induction motor drive with volts per hertz control in closedloop vhz cl. This provides the gear reduction that allows the motor to drive the train at speeds of up to 110 mph. Builtin encoder driver software corresponding range traction drive ac servomotor for traction frame capacity w type wheel diameter mm drive outer dia mm reduction.
Single twochannel driver compact design with water cooling rack type arrangements new converter designs. General aspects of railway traction what really causes the train to accelerate or br ake are the adhesion forces that appear in the wheelrail contact. The main obstacle to their increased use has been a lack of confidence in the. May 12, 20 an induction motor works as a generator if mechanical speed is more than the synchronous speed. Now, the normal practice is to use one traction motor to drive each axle through a gear drive. In this article we will discuss about how to start and control the speed of traction motors. Several positions are available for air intake or power. Traction pivot traction motors geb15, ac w individual axle control air compressor wabco cmcblat3 cyl, air cooled. The control of traction motors for starting and for smooth acceleration is very much essential to avoid damage to the motors.
The highpowered semiconductors are available, and usage of uncomplicated, highly reliable ac induction motors known as asynchronous traction. It is a forced ventilated machine arranged for axle mounting on sleeve bearing. Electric motors and drives fundamentals, types and applications third edition austin hughes senior fellow, school of electronic and electrical engineering, university of leeds amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo newnes is an imprint of. The empty car weight is approximately 245 kg and the motor is able to produce 85 kw which results in 1200 nm on the rear axle. Before the mid20th century, a single large motor was often used to drive multiple wheels through connecting rods. It is based on freescales 56f800e microcontrollers. Comparison of features of different acac traction system make. Curve control is not available traction and yaw control similar to advancetrac but does not include information from vehicle roll rate sensors. Abb holds a complete and flexible traction motor and generator portfolio that allows us to build the perfect solution for train operators regardless of train type, power range or geographical location. Separately excited sx transistorized traction motor control and series pump motor control installation and operation manual ic3645sr4w606n6, ic3645sr7w455n8, ic3645sp4u450n10 and ic3645sp7u350n9 note. Differences between traction motors and industrial motors are discussed.
Traction motor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Traction drives have been around for a long time but have not made a major impact on the powertransmission industry. Development of traction drive motors for the toyota hybrid system munehiro kamiya toyota motor corporation developed in 2005 a new hybrid system for a large suv. Traction motor traction motors 4 x 100 kw nominal operating point max. With that in mind, toshiba developed the totallyenclosed traction motor with an efficiency rating of 94%. In traction motors, the bearing size is determined exactly as in the case of the standard motor with the aid of the normal fatigue life calculation method. The l6235 is a fully integrated motor driver ic specifically developed to drive a wide range of bldc motors with hall effect sensors. A key factor in the use of a motor drive in this application is the ability to operate with coolant temperatures as high as 105c.
The traction motor is a four pole dc series motor in which field winding is connected in series with armature. Traction motors are specifically built and used for vehicular propulsion, particularly electric and diesel train locomotives and underground subways, metros, whatever theyre called where you see them. In early applications, resistance was controlled manually by the driver, but relay systems were later installed to do this. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information 20 u. Motor generator kers control unit boost request energy to be released driver breaking system energy to be recovered energy recovery energy release energy storage dcdc. When called upon to brake, the frequency applied to the stator is lowered below the mechanical speed, and what happens is explained as follows.
Each motor drives a small gear, which meshes with a larger gear on the axle shaft. Usually a master controller is used for the purpose. Electric propulsion controls and accessories a 77 a torque. Abb is the expert for traction converters, motors, transformers, and complete traction chain solutions. Pdf directdrive induction motor for railway traction applications. Fag traction motor bearings and ina plain spherical. The electric motor applies resistance to the drivetrain causing the wheels to slow down.
A number of manufacturers use pm motors in their locomotives. Traction motor drive regenerative breaking aa119 july 16, 2009 leos chalupa, ph. It is now standard practice to provide one traction motor driving each axle through a gear drive. Electric vehicle architecture, vehicle powertrain configurations, traction motors, traction drive control, motor sensorless control.
The traction motors provide propulsion power to the wheels. The rating life of the bearings in a traction motor. The only constraints reshaping the dynamics of the market include the operational glitches of traction motors. Traction systems for locomotives and high speed applications. Serieswound dc motors have the disadvantage that, if wheelslip occurs in a standard dc drive, there is the tendency for the traction motor to speed up and run away, even to the point of mechanical failure if the power is not reduced quickly. So, motor should be such that regenerative braking can be easily used in it. The operational performance of traction motors directly affects the efficiency and dependability of services provided by rail transportation and mass transit industries. For nearly a century, baldor has strived to provide customers with the best value and reliability in industrial electric motors. Challenges of modern ac motor traction drives prof. Study of excitation characteristics of traction machinedrive. In deep and trustful partnerships with vehicle builders, refurbishers, and rail operators, we supply stateoftheart traction. This could only be possible with the introduction of variable voltage variable frequency control.
Dc motors are used in a serieswound configuration and speed is controlled by switching series resistance in and out of the circuit. Summary electric drive pdf, 2,54 mb battery system jpg, 6,85 kb battery management system jpg, 721,72 kb power electronics jpg, 610,98 kb for powertrain systems and electrified mobility the electrification of the powertrain paves the road for locally emissionfree and fascinating mobility combined with great driving enjoyment. The electric traction motor is mainly used in railways, trams, metros, ev, elevator, and conveyor among others, driving the demand for electric traction motor. This torque must be generated in a motor or braking system that. Three phase induction motor as traction motor railelectrica. Ac induction motors known as asynchronous traction motors. One of the major application of an electric drive is to transport men and materials from one place to another. The board is designed to drive motors in the 1kw range and can handle currents up to 30a. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa entitled rare earth alternatives in critical technologies. For these adhesion forces to appear, tractive or braking effort needs to be applied to the wheels. Dec 17, 2018 join us for a deep dive into the incredible chevrolet bolt ev traction motor part of the 1et25 drive unit. Twomotor, twoaxle traction system for full electric vehicle. General requirement of traction motor drives wiley online library. The traction motor is suitable for a range of vehicle applications, from medium size passenger cars to light duty commercial vehicles.
Ac traction, the power of hsp46 110 mph top speed, hhspsp 4466. Ddtm is a quiet, compact, lightweight system designed for 12m buses in europe, paratransit buses, and 3035 buses in north america. The information contained herein is intended to assist oems, dealers and users of electric vehicles. A lowinductance dc bus capacitor for high power traction. Pdf iotbased traction motor drive condition monitoring in. Therefore, the growing adoption of emobility and rising concern over deterioration of environment is projected to boost the electric traction motor market. Pdf the preliminary choice of electric traction motors. With the advantages of high efficiency and high torque density, permanentmagnet synchronous motor drive systems are widely adopted in many. Features, loss, the module is suitable for a variety of medium voltage applications in motor drives and power, motor control. The overheating of traction motors is one of the major restraints hampering the growth of the global market. This work refers to the two motor twoaxle configuration for a compact car, shown in figure1. The railway system division, in its commitment to future progress, has consistently achieved technological breakthroughs on three systems that are shaping the future worldwide. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable winding.
The motor can be clearly seen behind the axle with the gear box with the writing on it in the center. Traction motors in diesel locomotives ee publishers. Oct 30, 2016 a traction motor is used to make rotation torque on a machine. Included in multiple ul recognized insulation systems. My original aim was to bridge the gap between specialist textbooks which are pitched at a level too academic for the average user and the more prosaic handbooks, which are full of useful detail but provide. How to start and control the speed of traction motors. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa.
Lal,senior executive director standards ganesh, director standards electrical directorate research design and standards organisation, lucknow abstract motor suspension arrangement is of paramount importance for the reliability of traction motors. Railway transportation systems for a comfortable future. Right from the introduction of electric traction, there was a strong desire to use three phases induction motor for traction application. Brushless dc motor design for electric traction system md.
This is steering the demand for more enhanced and fuelefficient traction motors in the global market. This solution, using twoelectric motors an d two reduction differential gearboxes, drives all the four wheels of the vehicle. This simplifies vehicle coolant loops and minimizes any necessary auxiliary systems. High temperature silicon carbide sic traction motor drive. Other websites deconstructing a traction motor associated rewinds ireland limited image of a nose mounted traction motor on an r46 new york city subway car. A traction motor is used to make rotation torque on a machine. This chapter presents the general requirement of traction motor drives. Builtin encoder driver software corresponding range traction drive ac servomotor for traction. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable winding control idea program final report for the period june, 2003 through september, 2006 contract number hsr44 prepared for the idea program transportation research board national research council nicholas n. This system included the new development of a highspeed traction drive motor achieving. The preliminary choice of electric traction motors for a helicopter traction drive technical report pdf available march 2015 with 1,537 reads how we measure reads. Traction motors are the key components of complex propulsion systems that drive freight locomotives and passenger transit vehicles. A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles electric multiple units and other electric vehicles including electric milk floats, elevators, roller coasters, conveyors, and trolleybuses, as well as vehicles with. Efficiency is as important in drive systems for hybrid electric vehicle drive motors as it is for industrial motors in manufacturing facilities and commercial buildings.
Due to its totallyenclosed design, the motor remains clean throughout extended operation. Every train needs a unique motor or generator for its purpose. The control equipment is provided for manual and automatic operation. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable. Toshibas innovative permanent magnet synchronous motor technology relies on reluctance torque and realizes an exceptional efficiency rate of 97%. Chevrolet bolt ev traction motor deep dive youtube.
Front and rear motor drives are supplied by two different battery packs. Selection of suspension arrangement of traction motors. Power circuit of traction motor,during series parallel. Brushless dc motor design for electric traction system. L6235 three phase brushless dc motor driver modern motion control applications need more flexibility that can be addressed only with specialized ics products.
Development of the calculation method of the traction motor power. There are three main reasons for having more than one traction motor. Watch the drive unit disassembly and learn about the internal parts. Series commutator motor, therefore it requires regular maintenance. Twomotor, twoaxle traction system for full electric vehicle mdpi. Power circuit of locomotive, traction motor operation and sequence of series parallel and series parallel with shunt operation, showed with animated video. A lowinductance dc bus capacitor for high power traction motor drive inverters jihsheng lai and heath kouns virginia polytechnic institute and state university 668 whittemore hall blacksburg, va 240610111 joseph bond electronic concepts, inc.
The tida00281 ti design is a 3phase brushless dc motor drive designed to operate in 48v automotive applications. What is the difference between a traction motor and an. Traction motor other products toshiba international. This paper presents an implementation of a wireless internet of things iot system applied to the traction motor drive condition monitoring in electric vehicles evs. Range, blended w fastbrake cooling system 3 x 48 ac powered cooling fans hep inverter hep, igbt hep power 600 kw, 480 vac driver s controls console desk w. Development of traction drive motors for the toyota hybrid.
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